Digital Transformation Dissertations

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14136/124

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Assessing Perception and Adoption of Robotics Among Healthcare Professionals in Kerala : A Quantitative Study on Acceptance of Robotics Within Healthcare Sector.
(2024) Mathew, Christeena
Robotics, initially developed for automation and precision tasks across various industries, have now established a vital role in healthcare by alleviating burdens for both patients and medical professionals. This study primarily seeks to investigate how healthcare professionals in Kerala perceive robotics and to assess the extent of their adoption of these technologies. It aims to understand the acceptance of robotics in the healthcare sector, providing insights into potential barriers and facilitators for integrating robotics into medical practice in Kerala. Utilizing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and employing structured surveys and statistical analysis, the study delivers robust insights into the current state of robotics integration in healthcare by assessing the perceptions of professionals employed in hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare facilities across Kerala. Surveying 70 healthcare professionals, the research unveils significant enthusiasm, particularly among younger professionals aged 24-34. Overall, 67% of the respondents recognize the benefits of robotics in automating routine tasks, enhancing surgical precision, and improving operational efficiency through error reduction. The study highlights key challenges: 49% of respondents report a lack of comprehensive training as a major barrier to training, while 38% cite financial constraints as major challenge to broader adoption. Despite these challenges, 53% of professionals express strong support for integrating robotics, showcasing their readiness to leverage technology for enhanced patient care and surgical outcomes.Additionally, the study identifies a positive relationship between increased awareness of robotics and greater comfort in using this technology, suggesting that enhancing knowledge could significantly improve comfort levels and adoption rates among healthcare professionals. These findings underscore a generational shift towards embracing advanced technologies and emphasize the need for targeted training programs and strategic policy development to facilitate the adoption of robotics, aiming to make healthcare services in Kerala more precise, efficient, and cost-effective.
Evaluating the Impact of Electronic Prescription Services on Workflow Efficiencies in Community Pharmacies of Dublin, Ireland.
(2024) Vattamkandathil Tomy, Ardra
The integration of Electronic Prescription Services (EPS) represents a significant advancement in the healthcare sector, designed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of prescription management. By enabling the electronic transmission of prescriptions from healthcare providers to pharmacies, EPS aims to reduce the errors associated with traditional paper-based prescriptions and streamline pharmacy operations. Despite its potential benefits, the implementation of EPS presents various challenges, including technical integration and the need for comprehensive staff training. This research investigates the impact of Electronic Prescription Services (EPS) on community pharmacies in Dublin, Ireland, examining areas such as prescription accuracy, workflow efficiency, pharmacist satisfaction, and implementation challenges. EPS, an advancement in healthcare, facilitates the electronic transmission of prescriptions from healthcare providers to pharmacies, aiming to enhance patient safety, streamline operations, and reduce errors compared to traditional paper prescriptions. Despite EPS’s potential benefits, including improved prescription accuracy and operational efficiency, community pharmacies face challenges such as technical integration issues and the need for effective staff training. This study employs a quantitative methodology, using surveys distributed to pharmacists and pharmacy staff, to evaluate these impacts comprehensively. Adopting a pragmatic research philosophy and an inductive approach, the study collects and analyzes primary data to understand the operational changes brought about by EPS. Data analysis, performed using JASP software, involved descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, including Chi-square and Kendall’s Tau tests, to assess relationships between EPS implementation and various performance metrics. The findings reveal significant associations: improved communication with prescribers correlates moderately with reduced prescription errors, and overall pharmacist satisfaction is strongly associated with the ease of EPS use and improvements in medication inventory management. Workflow efficiency showed notable improvements in prescription processing time, daily volume, patient waiting time, and counselling ability, though increased processing time was linked to reduced efficiency. Confidence in EPS is high, particularly regarding its role in identifying potential medication interactions. The study concludes that EPS positively impacts several facets of pharmacy operations, enhancing prescription accuracy, workflow efficiency, and pharmacist satisfaction, while increasing confidence in the system. Nonetheless, further attention is needed to address training and technical challenges associated with EPS implementation.
The impact of Smart Manufacturing on the Digital Maturity of Medical Device Industry
(2024-05) Dattaram Solkar, Ankita
The study explores the impact of smart manufacturing on the digital maturity of the medical device industry. The research aims to assess smart manufacturing technologies contributions to digital maturity, focusing on technological advancements, connectivity features, and overall industry improvements. The literature review highlights the importance of operational efficiency, quality improvement, product customization, and regulatory compliance as primary drivers for adopting digital technologies in the medical device industry. Additionally, the study emphasizes the significance of a robust data strategy, seamless digital integration, and smart manufacturing practices. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data to understand the impact of smart manufacturing on digital maturity, involving a comprehensive literature review and a survey of industry professionals from India and Ireland. Findings suggest that digital maturity positively impacts operational efficiency and product quality, with potential benefits including enhanced quality, efficiency, and innovation through advanced technologies like AI, IoT, and big data analytics. However, challenges such as data security and system interoperability need to be addressed. The research recommends a supportive organizational culture, leadership commitment, and continuous employee training to drive digital maturity, ultimately fostering innovation and competitiveness.
The Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Of Pharmacists Towards the Use And Development Of Robotics Pharmacies In Hospital Pharmacies Settings In India
(2024-05) Biju Kumar, Devika
This study explores the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of Indian pharmacists on the adoption and usage of robotic pharmacies in hospital settings. It aims to determine the advantages, disadvantages, and accuracy of robotic pharmacy systems in terms of medication administration and patient safety. Using a pragmatic research mindset and a deductive technique, the study gathered qualitative and quantitative data from 85 pharmacists via an online survey. The findings show that, while there is considerable interest and positive feedback regarding robotic pharmacies, significant limitations such as financial restrictions, regulatory compliance, and labor adaptability prevent widespread implementation. The research's results show that there is a positive correlation between the perceived benefits of robotic pharmacy and their current and future use in hospitals. Pharmacists understand whether these technologies may reduce drug errors, increase operational efficiency, and improve patient safety. However, concerns regarding job displacement, machine dependability, and managing complex medication remain. The study emphasizes the importance of extensive training programs, cost-benefit analyses, and staff transition management measures in order to optimize the benefits of robotic pharmacies. The study's hypotheses testing indicated beneficial connections between knowledge, attitudes, and the use of robotic systems, emphasizing the relevance of education and training in fostering acceptance and successful implementation. Despite the limitations, the promise for robotic pharmacies to transform healthcare delivery by enhancing medication management is clear. Future advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning are projected to improve these systems capabilities.To summarize, while robotic pharmacies provide considerable benefits, overcoming the previously mentioned challenges through strategic planning, regulatory compliance, and education is critical for their successful integration into Indian hospital pharmacies. The study offers useful information for stakeholders and policymakers seeking to develop best practices and promote the effective implementation of robotic pharmacies, eventually increasing patient care and operational efficiency.
Unleashing patient empowerment in Indian healthcare through mobile applications: A critical analysis of user engagement and health outcome
(2024-05) Kozhappamadathil Lohithakshan, Unnimaya
Objective: The research objectives include evaluating the adoption and effectiveness of mHealth apps, analysing user engagement metrics, exploring their impact on patient access to health information, measuring the correlation between user engagement and health outcomes, and identifying unique challenges and opportunities in India's mHealth implementation. Methodology: The data was collected through surveys which collected information about the opinions and expectations of healthcare professionals, patients, and other end users of mobile health apps in India, which was distributed through LinkedIn and other professional social networks. A structured questionnaire was prepared by means of Google Forms which included both open-ended and closed-ended questions. The responses from primary research were compared with the secondary sources. Result: The study revealed key insights into mobile healthcare app usage in India. Health metrics tracking was universally important, especially among 26-35-year-olds. Personalized health info mattered to 18-25 and 46-55-year-olds, while health education was crucial for 26- 35 and 56+ age groups. Remote consultations were valued by 26-35 and 36-45-year-olds, with peak usage in the 26-35 group. Challenges like technical issues and data privacy affected all ages, with integration problems for 26-35 and 36-45-year-olds, and comprehension issues for 18-25 and 46-55-year-olds. Occupation influenced usage patterns, with employed nonhealthcare pros using apps the most, followed by healthcare pros and students. Customizable features, enhanced privacy, and local service integration were key across all occupations. Recommendations included collaboration with healthcare professionals and government support. Addressing demographic-specific barriers is crucial for improving engagement and health outcomes nationwide. Conclusion: Despite the widespread recognition of the benefits of mobile healthcare applications in India, significant barriers remain that hinder their full potential. While health metrics tracking and personalized health information are valued across various age and occupational groups, issues such as technical difficulties, internet connectivity, and data privacy concerns continue to pose challenges. Addressing these issues, along with improving the integration of mHealth apps into existing healthcare systems and enhancing user comprehension, is essential. Tailored strategies that consider age, gender, and occupationspecific needs can bridge the gap between current usage and optimal functionality. Collaborative efforts between app developers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, supported by government initiatives and emerging technologies, are crucial for enhancing the adoption and effectiveness of mHealth applications, ultimately leading to better health outcomes in India. Further research is needed to evaluate and refine these strategies, ensuring they meet the diverse needs of the Indian population.
Assessment of impact of digital revolution on prescription legibility and dispensing efficiency in community pharmacies in India
(2024-05) Vinodkumaar, Govind
The research analyses pharmacists' opinions about the implementation of electronic prescribing systems and investigates at the frequency and effects of illegible prescriptions in community pharmacies in Kerala, India. A survey comprising both closed-ended and open-ended questions was administered to 105 registered pharmacists in order to collect data. For the quantitative and qualitative data, respectively, descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used. The survey shows that prescriptions that are difficult to read is a common problem; 80.8% of pharmacists identify things like poor handwriting, unclear symbols, and missing information. Of the respondents, over half (48.1%) received illegible prescriptions once in a while, and 25% received them frequently. Readability issues with these prescriptions were identified by the vast majority (97.1%), which resulted in processing errors (67.3%), possible patient damage (56.7%), and decreased workflow efficiency (48.1%). When presented with illegible prescriptions, pharmacists frequently consulted colleagues (33.7%) or contacted prescribers (63.5%) for clarification. The most common outcome of illegible prescriptions was found to be dispensing errors (64.4%). Improved understanding (38.5%), reduced mistake rates (33.7%), and increased workflow efficiency (23.1%) are only some of the benefits of electronic prescription systems that the report reveals. The majority of pharmacists supported the switch to electronic prescription, even though they mentioned possible difficulties such technological issues (73.1%) and problems during system failures (13.5%). Benefits including improved patient safety, more efficient workflow, and reduced administrative load were highlighted. The study's findings emphasize how critical it is to address prescription legibility in order to enhance patient safety and pharmacy efficiency. It is suggested that electronic prescription systems be implemented as a realistic approach, given that sufficient technical assistance and training are provided.
The Impact of AI (Machine Learning and Automation) on Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry
(2024-05) Sayal, Ruchi
This research investigates the transformative effects of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and automation on the biopharmaceutical manufacturing industry. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of how these advanced technologies are revolutionizing manufacturing processes. Through an extensive literature review and detailed survey analysis, the research examines how these technologies address challenges such as data quality and complex biological systems, emphasizing their role in overcoming regulatory hurdles and improving manufacturing efficiency. The study explores key trends and drivers behind the escalating adoption of AI, including the need for process optimization, advancements in drug discovery, and enhanced quality control. Furthermore, the research assesses the impact of AI on traditional biopharmaceutical manufacturing models. It illustrates how AI disrupts conventional processes by enabling real-time issue identification, enhancing quality control, and boosting productivity. The introduction of new methodologies such as personalized medication production, AI-powered robotics, and AI-assisted drug discovery showcases the transformative potential of these technologies. In conclusion, the study reveals that AI adoption in the biopharmaceutical industry is rapidly advancing, driven by its transformative potential in enhancing efficiency, innovation, and competitiveness. Addressing challenges and ensuring responsible adoption will be pivotal in realizing the full benefits of AI-enabled technologies in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. The research provides valuable insights for industry stakeholders, guiding strategic decision-making and fostering a more informed approach to integrating AI technologies, ultimately contributing to the growth and advancement of the biopharmaceutical sector.
Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (Machine learning algorithms) for Process Optimization in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Processes
(2024-05) Adelodun Johnson, Arafat
Digital transformation has introduced smart manufacturing, artificial intelligence, IoT, and advanced computerization to the pharmaceutical industry to drive Process Optimization. This plays a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry as the complexity of manufacturing processes presents multidimensionality of product design, process development and product manufacturing data. While statistical techniques such as multivariate data analysis has made significant contribution to the pharmaceutical sector, its application can only be subjected to one process at a time in terms of providing support for quality-by-design based development and manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, limiting the enormous potential for automation. By leveraging machine learning, manufacturing processes can be streamlined to mitigate challenges associated with variability and complexity through predictive analysis of the large volume of data generated by PAT. This paper aims to provide a critical overview of how ML can be applied during various stages of the manufacturing process through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature from peer-reviewed journals, books, academic papers with illustrative examples applied in the context of pharmaceutical formulation development and related technologies as well as future trends. The study also aims to gain objective insights regarding the use of ML in pharmaceutical dosage manufacturing by exploring the opinions and perspectives of professionals actively involved in pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. With an estimated sample size of 90 participants, the study utilised an online survey-questionnaire that was administered to process managers, operators, industry experts, quality assurance and control officers to gather quantitative data in Ireland. An overall response rate of 69% was obtained and their opinion was evaluated in line with reviewed literature. The outcome of the study demonstrated the potential benefits that ML had to offer the pharmaceutical industry, the current applications, the limitations, and regulatory issues surrounding the adoption of ML in pharmaceutical manufacturing from both primary and secondary data sources.
Ensuring Product Quality in Irish Biologic and Biopharmaceutical Logistics through IoT-enabled Cold Chain Monitoring
(2024-05) Manikantan Nair, Nisha
The fourth industrial revolution along with the advancement in digital technologies have revolutionized the realm of biologics and biopharmaceutical logistics. This dissertation embarks on a journey to explore the integration of Internet of things (IoT) enabled technologies in cold chain monitoring within the Irish biologic and biopharmaceutical logistics sector. The study focuses on ensuring the quality and safety of temperature-sensitive biologics and biopharmaceutical products like gene therapies, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, diagnostic kits and reagents during storage and transportation till it reaches the end customer. The study is relevant especially for a country like Ireland renowned for being one of the leading global hubs in biopharmaceuticals, medical device technology and digital health technology. The biologic and biopharmaceutical logistics industry of Ireland rely heavily on efficient and reliable cold chain monitoring to ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of temperature sensitive medications, vaccines, and biologics. The ever-increasing demand for vaccines, gene therapies, monoclonal antibodies, and biomedical products like diagnostic reagents and medical laboratory supplies post COVID-19 pandemic has made it important to maintain the optimal storage conditions throughout their transit within the supply chain. Industry 4.0 technologies like the Internet of things (IoT) can be a game changer in the cold chain logistics through its capabilities in offering real-time monitoring of temperature and other environmental factors like humidity, pressure, etc. Through time-monitoring, anomalies in temperature and other environmental factors can be detected immediately and immediate measures can be taken to prevent any adversities, thus ensuring the safety and efficacy of the product. This research further aims to emphasise the understanding of available IoT technologies having the potential to transform the biologic and biopharmaceutical cold chain, thus enhancing product quality and ensuring patient safety.

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